Materials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Ceramic Society (ICERS)Advanced Ceramics Progress2423-747711220250501K, Ca, and Zn Ratios Affect Glass Frit Properties11122592010.30501/acp.2025.491648.1172ENAidaFaeghiniaAssociate Professor, Department of Ceramic, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran.0000-0001-6288-7178ZahraKhakpourAssistant Professor, Department of Ceramic, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran.0000-0003-4887-7461R.SalamiMSc, Department of Ceramic, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran.MohamadZakeriAssociate Professor, Department of Ceramic, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran.0000-0001-5551-4912Journal Article20241201Frites with mole fractions of 2.5 SiO₂, 0.20 Al₂O₃, 0.15 B₂O₃, 0.15 ZnO, 0.17 K₂O, and 0.67 CaO were studied at three different S ratios—0.37 (denoted as F1 frits), 0.31 (F2), and 0.24 (F3)—where S = K₂O / (CaO + ZnO). ZnO powders of two different particle sizes were used as raw materials: 500 nm (N series), obtained from recycled Zn ingot dust, and >1 μm (F series), sourced from commercial ZnO. Upon decreasing the S ratio, the molar volumes of the frits decreased. The glass transition temperature difference (ΔTg = –154 °C) decreased, whereas the crystallization temperature difference (ΔTp = +17 °C) increased. It was shown that the glass stability (GS) values were independent of ZnO powder size, although the molar volumes of the N series were lower than those of the F series. Crystalline phases identified in the resulting glazes included zinc silicate (willemite), anorthite, and parawollastonite. The hardness values ranged between 700 and 850 Hv, while the glazes exhibited transparency and whiteness values exceeding 80 and 60, respectively. https://www.acerp.ir/article_225920_db4df8cd68f0171571eba7645a9e06f7.pdfMaterials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Ceramic Society (ICERS)Advanced Ceramics Progress2423-747711220250501Tuning bioactivity and degradation behavior of magnesium implants using wollastonite embedded plasma electrolytic oxidation coatings122322775010.30501/acp.2025.530383.1179ENMahyaKarimiMSc Student, Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran.0000-0001-8229-3254BenyaminYarmandAssociate Professor, Department of Nanotechnology and Advanced Materials, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran.0000-0002-6771-314XMohammad JavadEshraghiAssociate Professor, Department of Semiconductors, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran.0000-0001-9432-3596Journal Article20250614Magnesium alloys used as biodegradable implants require enhanced bioactivity and corrosion resistance in physiological media. This study investigated the bioactivity and degradation behavior of plasma electrolytic-oxidized magnesium coatings incorporating different amounts of biocompatible wollastonite particles. The findings revealed that the interference of wollastonite particles in the layer formation interactions caused a drop in the formation voltage, resulting in a reduction in the oxide layer thickness and an increase in the surface roughness. Incorporating wollastonite particles into the oxide layer induced more calcium phosphate deposits during immersion in simulated body fluid, indicating enhanced bioactivity. The biodegradation evaluation revealed that the corrosion rate of the oxide layer was increased from 0.588 to 3.229 mm.year-1 with the embedment of 4.5 g.L-1 wollastonite particles, which resulted from the weakening of the structural compaction based on the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Therefore, wollastonite particles are a suitable option to improve the bioactivity of plasma electrolytic-oxidized magnesium coatings and provide a degradation rate suitable for biological media.https://www.acerp.ir/article_227750_79a41d47d8eb073d28f2546cc81d9854.pdfMaterials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Ceramic Society (ICERS)Advanced Ceramics Progress2423-747711220250501Multiferroic Performance of BCZT/CFO Composites Tailored by Antimony and Yttrium Doping243523862110.30501/acp.2025.551238.1185ENAliSharifiMS, Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yasouj University, Yasouj, IranRaziyeHayatiAssociate Professor, Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran0000-0001-6843-0718NaderSetoudehAssociate Professor, Department of Materials Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran0000-0003-0138-2533GhasemRezaeiProfessor, Department of Physics, Yasouj University, Yasouj, 75918-74934, Iran0000-0002-9640-053XJournal Article20251005In this research, magnetic CoFe2O4 (CFO) and ferroelectric Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (BCZT) compounds were synthesized via combustion and sol-gel methods, respectively. The influence of antimony and yttrium oxides on the electrical and magnetic properties of these two compounds was investigated. Following the selection of an appropriate dopant from these two additives, the composite materials were subsequently fabricated using the conventional solid-state method. Microstructure and phase analyses were carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) techniques. The improved electrical and magnetic characteristics of BCZT/Sb and CFO/Y materials were the key factors that justified their selection as constituent components for composite fabrication. The measured dielectric permittivity of the composite samples indicated that all composite samples are dielectric. However, the unusually high dielectric loss observed in the composite samples confirmed their conductive nature. Regarding the ferroelectric behavior, saturated P–E loops were observed in composites containing 30 and 40% cobalt ferrite. A further increase in the cobalt ferrite content, however, resulted in leakage current due to the electrical conductivity of the magnetic phase, preventing polarization from reaching saturation. The pure BCZT/Sb ceramic exhibited a high dielectric constant of 4600, a remanent polarization of 8.06 μC/cm², and a saturation polarization of 13.17 μC/cm². Upon incorporation of CFO/Y, the composite with 70 wt% CFO showed a saturation magnetization of 38.49 emu/g, a remanent magnetization of 11.28 emu/g, and a coercive magnetic field of 0.26 kOe. Meanwhile, the ferroelectric coercive field increased from 4.1 kV/cm (BCZT) to 42 kV/cm (BCZT–70CFO), indicating stronger domain pinning. These results confirm the successful integration of ferroelectric and magnetic phases, offering promising potential for magnetoelectric applications.https://www.acerp.ir/article_238621_a4c03c50d85cdc68c978f7568eac681d.pdfMaterials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Ceramic Society (ICERS)Advanced Ceramics Progress2423-747711220250501Investigation of the Substitution of Conventional Lead Oxide with a Lead Oxide-Silica Vitreous Composite in the Fabrication of Bi2223 Superconductor364123954410.30501/acp.2026.545163.1183ENHosseinKoohaniPhD Student, Department of Material Science, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.0009-0009-7705-1854MardaliYousefpourProfessor, Department of Material Science, Semnan University, Semnan, Iran.0000-0002-7240-0877NastaranRiahi NouriAssistant Professor, Department of Nonmetallic, Institute of Nirou Research, Tehran, Iran.0000-0002-0836-0508Journal Article20250909This research investigates the substitution of conventional lead oxide with a lead oxide-silica vitreous composite in the fabrication of Bi2223 superconducting materials. The traditional Bi1.6Pb0.4Sr2Ca2Cu2O10+x formulation relies heavily on lead oxide to optimize phase formation and enhance superconducting properties. However, environmental and health concerns associated with lead oxide necessitate the development of alternative approaches. In this work, a 1:1 molar ratio of SiO2-PbO-based glassy matrix was employed as a partial replacement for pure PbO, maintaining 0.4 mole equivalents to achieve the target superconductor stoichiometry. The synthesized samples were characterized through X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and differential thermal analysis to evaluate structural characteristics and phase purity. Superconducting performance was assessed by measuring critical temperature and critical current density. Experimental results demonstrate that incorporation of the PbO–SiO₂ vitreous composite increases the Bi2223 phase fraction from 76.8% (conventional PbO) to 89.7%, while enhancing the critical temperature (Tc) by ~2.3 K. This suggests improved phase purity and superconducting performance, attributable to controlled Pb release and enhanced microstructural alignment. This lead-silica frit system presents notable benefits—such as lower toxicity and the flexibility to integrate functional additives like flux enhancers and mechanically stable layered structures—offering a more cost-effective and eco-friendly route for HTS synthesis.https://www.acerp.ir/article_239544_627f9bb368737ef1bc0e4b5ad41ed439.pdfMaterials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Ceramic Society (ICERS)Advanced Ceramics Progress2423-747711220250501Mechanical and Tribological Properties of Ti-6Al-4V by Deposition of Multilayered Coating with PACVD Technique424924135010.30501/acp.2026.528459.1178ENAliNewpourMSc Candidate, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), Qazvin, Iran.0009-0006-4404-4058MiladKazemiMSc Candidate, School of Metallurgy and Materials Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Iran.0009-0002-9398-9163MasoudRajabiProfessor, Department of Materials Science & Engineering, Faculty of Technology and Engineering, Imam Khomeini International University (IKIU), Qazvin, Iran.0000-0001-7299-2246HamedGhorbaniAssistant Professor, Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, Buein Zahra Technical University (BZTE), Buein Zahra, Qazvin, Iran.0009-0001-6190-8392Journal Article20250607In this investigation, gradient interlayers of diamond-like carbon (DLC) and titanium carbonitride (TiCN) were applied to a titanium-based alloy (Ti6Al4V) using the PACVD (plasma-assisted chemical vapor deposition) technique to enhance its performance characteristics. The TiCN interlayer played a crucial role in increasing hardness, elastic modulus (Er), and interfacial bonding strength. Extending the TiCN deposition duration from 2 to 3 hours led to improved DLC adhesion and resulted in a nanocomposite coating thickness of ~1 μm. Mechanical properties were assessed through nanoindentation, hardness measurements, and adhesion evaluations, while tribological behavior was examined via pin-on-disk (POD) wear testing. Surface morphology and wear mechanisms were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), optical microscopy (OM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Raman spectroscopy. The coated Ti6Al4V substrate demonstrated reduced indentation depth (192 nm), hardness values ranging from 3.8 to 4.7 GPa, and a broader distribution of elastic modulus (136–171 GPa). Frictional behavior of the coated samples showed fluctuating coefficients of friction (µ), attributed to the multilayer structure, whereas the uncoated substrate maintained a relatively stable µ around 0.23. Wear rate analysis revealed that the uncoated alloy exhibited a significantly higher average wear rate (8.1×10⁻7 cm³/N·m) compared to the TiCN/DLC-coated variant (4.1×10⁻8 cm³/N·m). Microscopic examination indicated that the coated surface predominantly experienced adhesive wear, while the uncoated surface was subject to abrasive wear mechanisms.https://www.acerp.ir/article_241350_61a665393f65591fbaa448b1212f7d82.pdfMaterials and Energy Research Center (MERC)
Iranian Ceramic Society (ICERS)Advanced Ceramics Progress2423-747711220250501OPTIMIZING ALUMINA LEVEL IN LEUCITE BASED DENTAL GLASS CERAMICS: CRYSTALLIZATION, MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL PRPOERTIES24308110.30501/acp.2026.562110.1188ENMinaKhosraviFaculty of mining and metallurgical engineering-Yazd universityMahdiKalantarFaculty of mining and metallurgical engineering-Yazd university0000-0002-3713-215XJournal Article20251125Leucite-based glass ceramics have gained considerable attention in dental applications due to their optical similarity to natural dental tissues and their favorable mechanical properties. In this study, the influence of alumina content on the microstructure and physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of leucite glass ceramics was investigated. Starting materials containing 18 to 26 wt.% aluminum hydroxides along with other compounds such as silica, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and lithium carbonate after homogenization were melted and quenched to form glass frits. Heat treatment and sintering at different temperatures (700-1000C) were performed on compacted samples of glass ferrite. The thermal analysis, phase composition and microstructure were evaluated by DTA, XRD, and SEM techniques respectively. Physical and mechanical properties were characterized by measuring of relative density, Vickers hardness, and flexural strength. The results indicated that the optimal temperatures of heat treatment for samples with 18% and 22–26% aluminum hydroxide were 950°C and 1000°C, respectively. Increasing alumina content give a higher viscosity for molten glass on the one hand and a delayed crystallization and lower sinterability for glass ferrite sample on the other hand. For this reason, by increasing of alumina higher than the stoichiometric amount, a decrease in microstructural homogeneity, relative density, and mechanical properties was observed.