https://www.acerp.ir/ Advanced Ceramics Progress en daily 1 Thu, 05 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0330 Thu, 05 Jun 2025 00:00:00 +0330 https://www.acerp.ir/article_222519.html Stainless steel is widely utilized in implant fabrication due to its superior mechanical properties. However, despite its excellent mechanical characteristics, stainless steel, like other metals, lacks significant biological functionality. To enhance its biocompatibility and make it a successful biomaterial, the application of biocompatible coatings becomes crucial. These coatings aim to improve implant integration and optimize performance by introducing biological features such as the stimulation of cell growth and the reduction of inflammation. In the current investigation, coatings of TiO₂ and TiO₂-CeO₂ were applied using the magnetron sputtering method. Results from field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed that the average thickness of the TiO₂ and TiO₂-CeO₂ coatings was 115 nm and 100 nm, respectively. Following doping with CeO₂, controlled grain growth occurred, leading to a more uniform and compact distribution of nanoparticles. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results confirmed the coexistence of the two metal oxides, TiO₂ and CeO₂, as evidenced by the broadening of the peak associated with metal-oxygen stretching vibrations at wavenumbers below 1000 cm⁻¹. In vitro test outcomes demonstrated that cells cultured on the uncoated substrate exhibited small, rounded morphology with no observable filopodia. Cells on TiO₂-coated surfaces exhibited a spindle morphology, while those adhered to the TiO₂-CeO₂ coating displayed a branched morphology with wide filopodia. Fluorescence microscopy images indicated higher cell viability in the TiO₂-CeO₂-coated sample compared to the TiO₂-coated sample, attributed to the influence of Ce⁴⁺ on cell proliferation. https://www.acerp.ir/article_243081.html Leucite-based glass ceramics have gained considerable attention in dental applications due to their optical similarity to natural dental tissues and their favorable mechanical properties. In this study, the influence of alumina content on the microstructure and physical, chemical, and mechanical properties of leucite glass ceramics was investigated. Starting materials containing 18 to 26 wt.% aluminum hydroxides along with other compounds such as silica, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, and lithium carbonate after homogenization were melted and quenched to form glass frits. Heat treatment and sintering at different temperatures (700-1000C) were performed on compacted samples of glass ferrite. The thermal analysis, phase composition and microstructure were evaluated by DTA, XRD, and SEM techniques respectively. Physical and mechanical properties were characterized by measuring of relative density, Vickers hardness, and flexural strength. The results indicated that the optimal temperatures of heat treatment for samples with 18% and 22–26% aluminum hydroxide were 950°C and 1000°C, respectively. Increasing alumina content give a higher viscosity for molten glass on the one hand and a delayed crystallization and lower sinterability for glass ferrite sample on the other hand. For this reason, by increasing of alumina higher than the stoichiometric amount, a decrease in microstructural homogeneity, relative density, and mechanical properties was observed. https://www.acerp.ir/article_243082.html The elimination of dyes via photocatalysis is a promising approach for achieving pollution-free environments. ZnO, WO3, and ZnO - WO3 (in a 1 : 1 weight percentage ratio) were synthesized through a green synthesis method. The resulting products were characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infra-red spectroscopy (FTIR), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (DRS). The XRD pattern indicate the formation of crystal structures of ZnO, WO3 and ZnO - WO3. Optical studies revealed that the optical band gaps for pure ZnO, pure WO3, and the ZnO-WO3 photocatalysts were 4.20 eV, 3.03 eV, and 3.29 eV, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of the synthesized samples was evaluated through the degradation of methyl orange (MO). The obtained results demonstrated that the synergistic effect between WO3 and ZnO contributes to enhanced the charge separation and a reduction in the recombination rates of charge carriers, thereby significantly improving photocatalytic performance. It was observed that 100 % degradation of the MO dye can be achived by the ZnO / WO3 composite after 15 minutes of visible light irradiation. https://www.acerp.ir/article_239297.html Copper slag is a solid waste generated in the industrial production of copper metal and its storage in the environment can be problematic. So far, copper slag has been used in various industries, including in the construction industry as clinker in cement, aggregate in asphalt, glass composition, and tile and brick industries as raw materials. The use of copper slag in the above cases is due to the chemical composition of copper slag. Copper slag contains oxides of calcium, iron, silica and alumina, which are provided in the composition of clinker in cement, aggregate in asphalt, glass composition, tile and brick as raw materials through materials found in nature. Therefore, the use of copper slag not only reduces environmental waste but also reduces the consumption of natural materials that cannot be replaced.One of the goals of the present work is to use copper slag in the tile industry and reduce its reserves. The results presented in this work showed that adding slag increases the density and decreases the porosity of the floor tile composition after sintering, so that with an increase of 5 wt% of slag, the sintering temperature decreased from 1200° to 1170°C, while the amount of density and porosity was almost the same. The changes in the hardness of the samples with the addition of slag were not noticeable, while the changes in flexural strength were significant, so that by adding 15 wt% of slag, the strength increased by about 30% compared to the sample without slag.