Advanced Ceramics Progress

Advanced Ceramics Progress

Effect of Sintering Parameters on the Densification of ZrB2-SiC based Composite

Document Type : Original Research Article

Authors
Elnaz Irom 1
Mohammad Zakeri 2
Mansour Razavi 3
1 PhD Candidate, Department of Ceramics, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran.
2 Associate Professor, Department of Ceramics, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran.
3 Professor, Department of Ceramics, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran.
10.30501/acp.2024.465234.1158
Abstract
In this study, ZrB2-SiC ultra-high temperature ceramic composite was sintered using Spark Plasma Sintering (SPS) process with WC/HfB2 modifiers at different sintering temperatures of 1850, 1900, 2000, and 2050˚C for 8 and 25 minutes. The densification behavior of the composite was also examined using punch displacement-time and temperature-time measurement graphs during SPS. Phase and microstructure evaluations were also done based on XRD, EDS, and FESEM methods. The effect of SPS parameters on the densification of ZrB2-SiC-based composite was studied. In this case, there was no displacement until the pressure was applied due to the low sinterability of boride powders. A ZrB2-SiC-based composite with a relative density of 90% was obtained at 2050˚C under 30 MPa for a 25-minute soaking time. The densification curve of this sample showed a typical “S” shape. The best water absorption and apparent porosity values obtained as 1.3 and 6.7%, respectively. The minimum and maximum punch displacement of the samples was 2.2 and 3.6 mm, respectively. Use of WC/HfB2 modifiers led to the formation of byproducts of WB and HfB.
Keywords
ZrB2
Densification
Spark Plasma Sintering
Porosity
Density

Subjects

  1. Balak, Z. (2019). Shrinkage, hardness and fracture toughness of ternary ZrB2–SiC-HfB2 composite with different amount of HfB2. Materials Chemistry and Physics, 235, 121706. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matchemphys.2019.05.094
  2. Bellosi, A., Monteverde, F., & Sciti, D. (2006). Fast densification of ultra‐high‐temperature ceramics by spark plasma sintering. International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology, 3(1), 32–40. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-7402.2006.02060.x
  3. Carney, C. M., Mogilvesky, P., & Parthasarathy, T. A. (2009). Oxidation behavior of zirconium diboride silicon carbide produced by the spark plasma sintering method. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 92(9), 2046–2052. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2009.03134.x
  4. Chaim, R. (2007). Densification mechanisms in spark plasma sintering of nanocrystalline ceramics. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 443(1–2), 25–32. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2006.07.092
  5. Chakraborty, S., Das, P. K., & Ghosh, D. (2016). Spark Plasma Sintering and Structural Properties of ZrB2 Based Ceramics: A Review. Reviews on Advanced Materials Science, 44(2). http://www.ipme.ru/e-journals/RAMS/no_24416/06_24416_das.pdf
  6. Ding, H.-J., Wang, X.-G., Xia, J.-F., Bao, W.-C., Zhang, G.-J., Zhang, C., & Jiang, D.-Y. (2020). Effect of solid solution and boron vacancy on the microstructural evolution and high temperature strength of W-doped ZrB2 Journal of Alloys and Compounds, 827, 154293. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jallcom.2020.154293
  7. Fahrenholtz, W. G., & Hilmas, G. E. (2012). Oxidation of ultra-high temperature transition metal diboride ceramics. International Materials Reviews, 57(1), 61–72. https://doi.org/10.1179/1743280411Y.0000000012
  8. Foroughi, P., Durygin, A., Sun, S., & Cheng, Z. (2022). Flash sintering of tantalum-hafnium diboride solid solution powder. Journal of Materials Research, 37(13), 2150–2156. https://doi.org/10.1557/s43578-022-00492-7
  9. Guo, S., Nishimura, T., Kagawa, Y., & Yang, J. (2008). Spark plasma sintering of zirconium diborides. Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 91(9), 2848–2855. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1551-2916.2008.02587.x
  10. Han, J., Hu, P., Zhang, X., & Meng, S. (2007). Oxidation behavior of zirconium diboride–silicon carbide at 1800° C. Scripta Materialia, 57(9), 825–828. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scriptamat.2007.07.009
  11. Han, J., Hu, P., Zhang, X., Meng, S., & Han, W. (2008). Oxidation-resistant ZrB2-SiC composites at 2200 °C. Composites Science and Technology, 68(3–4), 799–806. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compscitech.2007.08.017
  12. Irom, E. (2023). Investigation of thermal and mechanical resistance of ZrB2-SiC composite doped with WC and HfB2. Materials and Energy Research Center [In Persian]. https://elmnet.ir/doc/10940655-79158
  13. Jin, X., Fan, X., Lu, C., & Wang, T. (2018). Advances in oxidation and ablation resistance of high and ultra-high temperature ceramics modified or coated carbon/carbon composites. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 38(1), 1–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JEURCERAMSOC.2017.08.013
  14. Lu, Y., Zhang, G.-J., Liu, J.-X., Liu, H.-L., Wang, X.-G., & Xu, F.-F. (2016). Reactive hot-pressing of ZrB2-ZrC-SiC ceramics via direct addition of SiC. Ceramics International, 42(15), 16474–16479. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.06.167
  15. Marder, R., Chaim, R., Chevallier, G., & Estournès, C. (2011). Densification and polymorphic transition of multiphase Y2O3 nanoparticles during spark plasma sintering. Materials Science and Engineering: A, 528(24), 7200–7206. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.msea.2011.06.044
  16. Monteverde, F., & Silvestroni, L. (2016). Combined effects of WC and SiC on densification and thermo-mechanical stability of ZrB2 ceramics. Materials and Design, 109, 396–407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2016.06.114
  17. Riedel, R., & Chen, I. W. (Eds.). (2011). Ceramics Science and Technology, Synthesis and processing, vol. 3. John Wiley & Sons. https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=eSrq6LRZ2rgC&oi=fnd&pg=PR15&dq=17.%09R.+Riedel+and+I.W.+Chen.+(2011).+Ceramics+Science+and+Technology,+Synthesis+and+processing,+vol.+3.+John+Wiley+%26+Sons.&ots=7ePna0iZtv&sig=mDCnkb-Twj6Q6tWEZh-Xo-Mx2VI
  18. Shafagh, S. H., Jafargholinejad, S., & Javadian, S. (2021). Beneficial effect of low BN additive on densification and mechanical properties of hot-pressed ZrB2–SiC composites. Synthesis and Sintering, 1(2), 69–75. https://doi.org/10.53063/synsint.2021.1224
  19. Shalmani, S. A. A., Sobhani, M., Mirzaee, O., & Zakeri, M. (2021). Ablation resistance of graphite coated by spark plasma sintered ZrB2–SiC based composites. Boletín de La Sociedad Española de Cerámica y Vidrio. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bsecv.2021.05.004
  20. Thimmappa, S. K., Golla, B. R., Prasad, V. V. B., Majumdar, B., & Basu, B. (2019). Phase stability, hardness and oxidation behaviour of spark plasma sintered ZrB2-SiC-Si3N4 Ceramics International, 45(7), 9061–9073. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2019.01.243
  21. Venkateswaran, T., Basu, B., Raju, G. B., & Kim, D. Y. (2006). Densification and properties of transition metal borides-based cermets via spark plasma sintering. Journal of the European Ceramic Society, 26(13), 2431–2440. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.JEURCERAMSOC.2005.05.011
  22. Wang, S., Yang, Y., Cui, J., Liu, X., Zhang, S., & Jia, Q. (2022). Preparation and properties of porous ZrB2 ceramics via combining in-situ boro/carbothermal reduction and partial sintering approach. Ceramics International, 48(18), 27051–27063. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.06.017
  23. Zhu, M., Zhang, L., Li, N., Cheng, D., Zhang, J., Yu, S., Bai, H., & Ma, H. (2022). Microstructures and mechanical properties of reactive spark plasma-sintered ZrB2–SiC–MoSi2 Ceramics International, 48(19), 27401–27408. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2022.05.378
  24. Zou, J., Zhang, G.-J., Zhang, H., Huang, Z.-R., Vleugels, J., & Van der Biest, O. (2013). Improving high temperature properties of hot pressed ZrB2–20vol%SiC ceramic using high purity powders. Ceramics International, 39(1), 871–876. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ceramint.2012.06.018

  • Receive Date 27 July 2024
  • Revise Date 28 August 2024
  • Accept Date 01 September 2024