Advanced Ceramics Progress

Advanced Ceramics Progress

TiO2-CeO2 Coating for Improved Biocompatibility and Cell Interaction of Stainless Steel with MC3T3 Osteoblasts: A Novel Approach to Promoting Osteogenesis

Articles in Press

Document Type : Original Research Article

Author
Keivan Asadian
Assistant Professor, Department of Semiconductors, Materials and Energy Research Center, Karaj, Iran.
10.30501/acp.2024.436995.1146
Abstract
Stainless steel is widely utilized in implant fabrication due to its superior mechanical properties. However, despite its excellent mechanical characteristics, stainless steel, like other metals, lacks significant biological functionality. To enhance its biocompatibility and make it a successful biomaterial, the application of biocompatible coatings becomes crucial. These coatings aim to improve implant integration and optimize performance by introducing biological features such as the stimulation of cell growth and the reduction of inflammation. In the current investigation, coatings of TiO₂ and TiO₂-CeO₂ were applied using the magnetron sputtering method. Results from field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) revealed that the average thickness of the TiO₂ and TiO₂-CeO₂ coatings was 115 nm and 100 nm, respectively. Following doping with CeO₂, controlled grain growth occurred, leading to a more uniform and compact distribution of nanoparticles. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) results confirmed the coexistence of the two metal oxides, TiO₂ and CeO₂, as evidenced by the broadening of the peak associated with metal-oxygen stretching vibrations at wavenumbers below 1000 cm⁻¹. In vitro test outcomes demonstrated that cells cultured on the uncoated substrate exhibited small, rounded morphology with no observable filopodia. Cells on TiO₂-coated surfaces exhibited a spindle morphology, while those adhered to the TiO₂-CeO₂ coating displayed a branched morphology with wide filopodia. Fluorescence microscopy images indicated higher cell viability in the TiO₂-CeO₂-coated sample compared to the TiO₂-coated sample, attributed to the influence of Ce⁴⁺ on cell proliferation.
Keywords
TiO2-CeO2
Magnetron Sputtering
Biomaterial
Cellular Adhesion
Ss316l

Subjects

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Advanced Ceramics Progress

Articles in Press, Corrected Proof
Available Online from 05 June 2025

  • Receive Date 22 January 2024
  • Revise Date 03 May 2024
  • Accept Date 07 September 2024